ACT英语考试涉及哪些语法和结构问题

　　ACT考试英语写作所要求的六要素包含在英语测试中：标点、语法、句子结构、写作技巧、文章结构、文体。前面三个部分的问题组成了“用法与结构”的得分。后三个部分组成了“修辞技巧”的得分。

　　Six elements of effective writing are included in the English Test: punctuation, grammar, sentence structure, strategy, organization, and style. The questions covering punctuation, grammar, and sentence structure make up the Usage/Mechanics subscore. The questions covering strategy, organization, and style make up the Rhetorical Skills subscore.

　　Usage/Mechanics

　　“用法与结构”

　　· Punctuation (13%). Questions in this category test your knowledge of the conventions of internal and end-of-sentence punctuation, with emphasis on the relationship of punctuation to meaning (for example, avoiding ambiguity, indicating appositives).

　　· 标点符号(13%)这方面问题考察考生对标点在文章内和句子结尾的用法，重点考察举例、避免混淆、同位格方面的标点运用。

　　· Grammar and Usage (16%). Questions in this category test your understanding of agreement between subject and verb, between pronoun and antecedent, and between modifiers and the word modified; verb formation; pronoun case; formation of comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs; and idiomatic usage.

　　·语法及运用(16%)这方面问题考察考生对主语和动词、代词和先行词、修饰语和被修饰词、动词形式、代词格、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形式及习惯用法的理解。

　　· Sentence Structure (24%). Questions in this category test your understanding of relationships between and among clauses, placement of modifiers, and shifts in construction.

　　· 句子结构(24%)这方面问题考察考生对从句关系、修饰词的使用及句型转换的理解和运用。

　　Rhetorical Skills

　　修辞技巧

　　· Strategy (16%). Questions in this category test how well you develop a given topic by choosing expressions appropriate to an essay''s audience and purpose; judging the effect of adding, revising, or deleting supporting material; and choosing effective opening, transitional, and closing sentences.

　　·修辞技巧(16%)这方面考察考生通过选择适应读者和写作目的的表达，达到对指定话题的充分展开。通过增加，修正，删减一些支撑性材料，判断对文章的影响。确定合适的开篇，过渡和结束段。

　　· Organization (15%). Questions in this category test how well you organize ideas and judge the relevance of statements in context (making decisions about order, coherence, and unity).

　　· 修辞组织(15%)这方面考察考生对观点的组织，判断对文章上下文的组织是否恰当。(如文章顺序，前后一致，全篇的统一性)

　　· Style (16%). Questions in this category test how well you select precise and appropriate words and images, maintain the level of style and tone in an essay, manage sentence elements for rhetorical effectiveness, and avoid ambiguous pronoun references, wordiness, and redundancy.

　　·修辞类型(16%)通过让考生选择准确的、恰当的词语和比喻，保持文章的语气一致和格式不变，维持句子成分的修辞效果，避免不当的代词使用，词不达意和表述累赘。

　　上述内容就是ACT考试英语部分的大纲，涉及到了标点、语法、句子结构、写作技巧、文章结构、文体这六个方面的内容，希望对大家的复习有所帮助。